Tag: apples

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Interstem Apple Trees

Because many dwarfing rootstocks have less than the desired level of cold resistance and trees on all dwarfing rootstocks require support, dwarf rootstocks are sometimes used as interstems to combine the desirable characteristics of a vigorous understock and the dwarfing interstem.

Interstem trees consist of three parts:

  1. A vigorous rootstock (usually MM.111 or MM.106) 
  2. A dwarfing (usually M.9 or M.27) interstem is grafted to the rootstock. The interstem is usually about 6” long, but additional dwarfing can be obtained by
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Apples Regional Resources

Multi-State/Institution

Northeast

Cornell University

University of Maine

University of Massachusetts

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Apple Rootstock Info: Antonovka 313

Characteristic Detail Description
Rootstock Antonovka 313
This is a non-dwarfing rootstock from Russia and produces a free-standing tree that is 100% standard size. Trees are slow coming into bearing and moderately productive, and trees may lean slightly in some situations. Although some nurseries advertise Antonovka 313 to be very cold hardy, it is usually considered moderately cold hardy and may be susceptible to late-winter cold. It is adapted to a wide range of soil conditions, and is reportedly resistant to
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Apple Rootstock Info: Alnarp 2

 

Characteristic
Detail                      
Description
Alnarp 2
 
Introduced by the Alnarp Fruit Tree Station, in Alnarp, in southern Sweden in 1944. Alnarp 2 was selected in 1920 from a group of mixed Doucin (dwarf) trees and it was brought to the US in 1949. This clonal rootstock propagates easily in the stool bed and produces a free-standing semi-vigorous tree 85 to 90% the size of seedling. Alnarp 2 is very cold tolerant and has been used as an understock for interstem
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Apple Rootstock Info: P.22

Characteristic Detail Description
Rootstock P.22

Resulted from a cross of M.9 x Common Antonovka and released Research Institute of Poland  in Skierniewice, Poland. This is a very dwarfing rootstock, producing trees similar in size to M.27. Trees have good winter hardiness, and produce few burr knots and rootsuckers. It is moderately susceptible to fire blight and very susceptible to woolly apple aphid, and has good resistance to crown and root rots. P.22 is very precocious, has higher yield efficiency than

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Apple Rootstock Info: P.18

Characteristic Detail Description
Rootstock P.18

Resulted from a cross of M.4 x Common Antonovka and released by the Research Institute of Poland  in Skierniewice, Poland. This is a nondwarfing rootstock with vigor similar to seedling. It has not been tested widely in North America, but based on a trial in Illinois P.18 was less precocious and had lower yield efficiency than MM.111. Inoculation tests in California indicate it is moderately resistant to phytophthora. It is susceptible to wooly apple aphid,

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Apple Rootstock Info: Seedling

Characteristic Detail Description
Rootstock Seedling

Seedling rootstocks are usually produced from seeds obtained from apple juice plants and are typically ‘Delicious’. Because seedling rootstocks are not clonal, one might expect more tree-to-tree variation than with clonal rootstocks. Trees on seedling rootstocks are considered full sized trees (100% standard) and well pruned mature trees will typically be about 16’ to 18’ tall with a canopy diameter of about 13’ to 16’. Trees on seedling rootstocks generally have good survival, are free-standing,

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Apple Rootstock Info: Supporter 4

Characteristic Detail Description
Rootstock Supporter 4

Formerly selected as Pi 80 and resulted from a cross between M.9 and M.4. European reports indicate the vigor is similar to M.26 with good resistance to low temperatures, but susceptible to fire blight and it produced few root suckers. Supporter 4 is being tested in the 2002 NC-140 trial at nine locations with ‘Gala’ as the scion cultivar. After five years tree survival and tree size were similar to M.26 and it produced

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