| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | M.27,M.9 interstem MM.111 rootstock |
Because many dwarfing rootstocks have less than the desired level of cold resistance and trees on all dwarfing rootstocks require support, dwarf rootstocks are sometimes used as interstems to combine the desirable characteristics of a vigorous understock and the dwarfing interstem. Interstem trees consist of three parts: a dwarfing rootstock (usually M.9 or M.27) is used as the interstem and is grafted onto a vigorous rootstock (usually MM.111 or MM.106) and the |
Apple Rootstock Info: M.26
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | M.26 |
Resulted from a cross between M.16 and M.9 in 1929, at the East Malling Research Station, Maidstone, Kent, England. Traditionally considered a dwarf rootstock, but is one of the more vigorous dwarfing rootstocks. M.26 is grown widely throughout the world and is included as a “standard” in many rootstock trials. M.26 is precocious and very productive, produces many burrknots, and is susceptible to crown rot and fire blight. In a joint effort to produce virus |
Apple Rootstock Info: B.490
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | B.490 |
Originated from a cross of Red-Leaved Paradise (B.9) x Bud. 13-14 at the Michurinsk College of Agriculture, former Soviet Union. Bud. 490 is a semi-vigorous rootstock (similar in size and productivity to MM.106) that roots easily from hardwood cuttings or in the stoolbed. The inner bark is red. Trees on Bud. 490 are moderately precocious and produce some burrknots and few root suckers. Bud. 490 is moderately resistant to collar rot and fire blight and |
M.27, M.9 interstem with MM.106 rootstock
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | M.27, M.9 interstem with MM.106 rootstock |
Because many dwarfing rootstocks have less than the desired level of cold resistance and trees on all dwarfing rootstocks require support, dwarf rootstocks are sometimes used as interstems to combine the desirable characteristics of a vigorous understock and the dwarfing interstem. Interstem trees consist of three parts: a dwarfing rootstock (usually M.9 or M.27) is used as the interstem and is grafted onto a vigorous rootstock (usually MM.111 or MM.106) |
Apple Rootstock Info: B.118
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | B.118 |
Formerly Bud. 54-118. A semi-dwarfing rootstock from the Michurinsk College of Agriculture, former Soviet Union. Resulted from a’ Moscow Pear’ x M.9 or M.8 cross. Bud. 118 is reported to be a very cold hardy semi-dwarf rootstock and produces a tree about 85% of seedling. It is more precocious than seedling and can be grown without support. It is moderately resistant to fire blight, crown rot. There is very limited experience with Bud.118 in North |
Pre-harvest Drop
Apples sometimes drop to the ground before they reach the desired harvest maturity. This pre-harvest fruit drop can cause significant losses in apple orchards. As apples mature, an abscission layer of specialized cells naturally forms between the apple stem and the fruit spur to which it is attached. The abscission layer allows the apple to be released from the tree without causing damage to the tree. However, apples may fall off the tree before the ideal harvest maturity has been …
Disease-Resistant Apple Cultivars
There are more than 100 modern apple cultivars, and several dozen antique varieties, that have been selected in part for their disease resistance. They offer a broad range of flavors, appearance, taste profiles, storage potential, and harvest dates from mid-summer to early winter. This disease resistance was achieved by hybridization with other apple species with resistance to significant diseases, primarily apple scab (Venturia inaequalis), through natural selection or controlled breeding. Malus floribunda, also known as Japanese flowering crabapple, …
Apple Cultivars
Red Color Development in Apple Fruit
A key quality attribute of apple fruit is its peel or skin color, which affects consumer preferences. Immature fruits are green, and as the fruit ripens the green may fade partially or completely, resulting in very pale cream to green background colors. Red cultivars result from a superimposed accumulation of the red pigment anthocyanin. Anthocyanin accumulation in apple fruit can be affected by environmental, nutritional, and orchard management factors, the stage of maturity of the fruit, and by the microenvironment …
Apple Rootstock Info: M.9
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | M.9 |
The pedigree is unknown and it was selected in England from a group of French genotypes known collectively as “Juane de Metz” in the late 1800s. M.9 is the most widely planted dwarf apple rootstock in the world and at least 30% of the trees in the U.S. are on M.9. M.9 EMLA is free of known viruses and is slightly more vigorous than the original M.9. Over the years European nurseries have selected clones |