| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | M.4 |
Selected in 1912 from unknown parents at the East Malling Research Station in Maidstone, Kent, England. M.4 is slightly dwarfing and produces a tree about 75-80% standard size. It is considered fairly precocious, and trees tend to lean and may require trunk support. M.4 is resistant to collar rot. In an Indian rootstock trial trees on M.4, MM.106, and MM.111 were all about the same size. Cumulative yield was greater than trees on MM.111, similar |
Apple Rootstock Info: J-TE-H
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | J-TE-H |
Released from Techobuzic, Czech Republic. The early descriptions from Czech researchers suggested that J-TE-H produces a tree about the size of trees on M.26 EMLA. In rootstock trials in the Czech Republic and Spain J-TE-H produced trees about 35 to 40% of standard size, trees produced a moderate number of root suckers, and yield efficiency was less than the other dwarfing rootstocks in the trial (Pajam 1, Pajam 2, M.9, and J-TE-E). J-TE-H was included |
Apple Rootstock Info: V.3
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | V.3 |
The Vineland series of apple rootstocks originated as open-pollinated hybrids of ‘Kerr’ crabapples and M.9 rootstock and were selected at the Horticultural Experiment Station at Vineland, Ontario, Canada in 1958. According to information from the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, V.3 is slightly smaller than M.9 EMLA and yield and yield efficiency is similar to M.9 EMLA. V.3 is cold hardy and somewhat resistant to fireblight. V.3 was included in the 1994 |
Apple Rootstock Info: Ottawa 3
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | Ottawa 3 |
Introduced by the Agriculture Canada Research Station in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada in 1974 as a hardy dwarfing rootstock. The parents were M.9 and ‘Robin’ crab. Ottawa 3 roots poorly in the stoolbed and is often micropropagated. Trees are precocious and produce few rootsuckers and burrknots. It is sensitive to apple stem grooving virus. Ottawa 3 was included in the 1990 NC-140 cultivar/rootstock trial at 12 locations and the 1990 dwarf rootstock trial at 8 |
Apple Rootstock Info: P.2
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | P.2 |
Resulted from a cross of M.9 x Common Antonovka and released by the Research Institute of Poland in Skierniewice, Poland. This is a productive, cold hardy, dwarfing rootstock slightly more dwarfing than M.9 NAKBT-337. It is susceptible to fire blight, and wooly apple aphid, but fairly resistant to crown and root rots. It produces few root suckers and burr knots similar to M.9. In NC-140 trials trees survive; depaending on location tree size was similar |
How Apple Tree Productivity Is Measured
The simplest approach to measuring productivity is to assess yield on a per-tree basis; it is straightforward and easy to understand. The problem comes when comparing trees of different sizes. For instance, comparing the productivity of apple trees on M.9 NAKBT337 and those on G.30 on a per-tree basis would be meaningless. The size of trees on M.9 NAKBT337 would allow much greater planting densities than would that of trees on G.30. Therefore, trees on M.9 NAKBT337 could have a …
Apple Yield Efficiency
Pomological researchers have assessed other approaches to determining potential yield. Since planting density works together with per-tree yield to determine productivity per acre, researchers have used canopy dimensions to estimate planting density and then estimated potential yield per acre. This approach is perfect if the trees used to measure yield and canopy size are not contained by any pruning. Once the canopy is manipulated, and particularly if it is manipulated differently for trees of different sizes, potential yield per acre …
Apple Rootstock Info: G.11
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | G.11 |
Resulted from a cross of M.26 and Robusta 5 crabapple and introduced in 1993 by the New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY. G.11 is one of the more vigorous dwarfing rootstocks and produces a tree similar in size to M.26. It is precocious (similar to M.26), moderately resistant to fire blight, moderately susceptible to woolly apple aphid and crown an root rots, and requires trunk support, especially in the early years. It produces |
Apple Rootstock Info: G.214
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | G.214 | Geneva 214 (G.214) is a cross of Robusta 5 x Ottawa 3 and tested as CG.4214. Trees on this rootstock will need to be supported and produce a tree about 30-35% size of seedling with vigor and precocity similar to M.9 Nic.29 and M.26. Trees are more productive than those rootstocks and have good cold hardiness, and are resistant to fire blight, Phytophthora root rot and wooly apple aphid. Source: https://extension.psu.edu/apple-rootstocks-capabilities-and-limitations |
| Synonyms | Geneva 214 | |
| Origin |
Apple Rootstock Info: G.210
| Characteristic | Detail | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Rootstock | G.210 |
G.210 is a semidwarfing rootstock that is resistant to fire blight (Erwinia amylovora) and crown rot (Phytopthora spp.). It is a hybrid from a cross between and is larger than Ottawa 3 but smaller than Robusta 5. It is similar in size to Malling 7 but more productive and precocious. |
| Synonyms | Geneva 210 | |
| Origin | Ottawa 3 and Robusta 5 | |
| Availability | Trial | |
| Tree Size | 60-65% | |
| Precocity | Early | |
| Winter Hardiness | Hardy | |
| Suckering | Low | |
| Tree Support Needed | Yes |